WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:03.200 Really my whole career has been a series of case studies, 00:00:03.200 --> 00:00:08.400 the fans and some Bruce, Springsteen Madonna Prince Paul McCartney. 00:00:08.400 --> 00:00:12.400 After you've done your 15th case study you start to say well 00:00:12.400 --> 00:00:16.000 you know the case studies is a generalizable but well. 00:00:16.000 --> 00:00:17.600 Okay there's some commonalities here. 00:00:27.500 --> 00:00:30.700 Parasocial is defined as non reciprocated. 00:00:30.700 --> 00:00:33.900 I know you, you don't know me back, 00:00:33.900 --> 00:00:37.700 a pair of social, interaction is what happens while you're 00:00:37.700 --> 00:00:40.600 consuming media, think of yourself at home, 00:00:40.600 --> 00:00:43.600 watching a sporting event and the guy just dropped the ball, 00:00:43.600 --> 00:00:45.200 and you're sitting there yelling at him, 00:00:45.200 --> 00:00:46.700 for being an idiot for dropping the ball. 00:00:46.700 --> 00:00:48.400 That's a social interaction. 00:00:48.400 --> 00:00:53.900 That's watching Stephen Colbert, and he's talking to me and I'm 00:00:53.900 --> 00:00:56.400 talking back. I know he can't hear me, 00:00:56.400 --> 00:01:00.600 but I feel like, because he's talking to the audience somehow 00:01:00.600 --> 00:01:01.700 I should respond. 00:01:01.700 --> 00:01:05.600 Now, the pair of social interactions during media consumption, 00:01:05.600 --> 00:01:08.900 if I walk away from the media and I'm still thinking about 00:01:08.900 --> 00:01:16.700 the person I'm talking about what I would have done. 00:01:16.700 --> 00:01:20.000 If I'd been that character in that movie or maybe I'm thinking 00:01:20.000 --> 00:01:23.100 about what I would have said that person that would have been 00:01:23.100 --> 00:01:24.200 better than what they said. 00:01:24.200 --> 00:01:30.300 Her social attachment is when I derive Comfort from that person 00:01:30.300 --> 00:01:31.900 most often through their work. 00:01:31.900 --> 00:01:35.900 They interviewed once Josh Groban fan who had stage 4 cancer, 00:01:35.900 --> 00:01:39.600 and she said, I don't go to my chemotherapy without my iPod 00:01:39.600 --> 00:01:40.300 with my Josh Groban. 00:01:40.300 --> 00:01:45.800 Music, it makes me feel better being in the time were born or 00:01:45.800 --> 00:01:49.700 sort of metaphorically, hardwired to be attracted to the familiar 00:01:49.700 --> 00:01:51.500 faces and voices of other people. 00:01:51.500 --> 00:01:55.700 And if you look particularly what happens in digital media, 00:01:55.700 --> 00:01:59.500 and internet media, there's a Tennessee when you find someone 00:01:59.500 --> 00:02:02.600 whose work you like to sort of do this immersion in their work, 00:02:02.600 --> 00:02:06.200 so that you're looking at them, their face during their voice 00:02:06.200 --> 00:02:07.500 over and over and over and over. 00:02:07.500 --> 00:02:11.000 And when you think about that much exposure to the station 00:02:11.000 --> 00:02:12.200 voice of a person, 00:02:12.900 --> 00:02:16.300 This is what is the foundation for what we call attachment? 00:02:21.300 --> 00:02:24.800 Back in the 1980s, when they began to study this, 00:02:24.800 --> 00:02:29.900 the two main kinds of parasocial relationships and so poppers 00:02:29.900 --> 00:02:34.200 and intended to be a middle-aged to elderly population. 00:02:34.200 --> 00:02:35.600 Were forming those attachments. 00:02:35.600 --> 00:02:39.700 And what the research has shown, is that one of the things 00:02:39.700 --> 00:02:42.700 of her social relationship can do is to mitigate loneliness. 00:02:42.700 --> 00:02:47.300 So that person who's may be socially isolated because they're 00:02:47.300 --> 00:02:51.600 elderly and their family, never meet visits them have formed 00:02:51.600 --> 00:02:55.800 a social Shoes that are meaningful and it helps them feel less 00:02:55.800 --> 00:02:58.900 isolated. And then if they have access to the internet, 00:02:58.900 --> 00:03:01.700 then they can do all these other things we've already talked 00:03:01.700 --> 00:03:04.900 about, which is not only reach out to the celebrity, 00:03:04.900 --> 00:03:07.500 but more commonly, reach out to other fans. 00:03:10.100 --> 00:03:12.600 Besides the lack of reciprocity, I know them, 00:03:12.600 --> 00:03:15.000 they don't know any back, there's usually a difference 00:03:15.000 --> 00:03:15.600 in status. 00:03:16.500 --> 00:03:19.200 So they're at a higher status than you are. 00:03:19.200 --> 00:03:22.000 And you heard of the pair of social thing can be that you aspire 00:03:22.000 --> 00:03:26.100 to that their state is the convention. 00:03:26.100 --> 00:03:29.800 She was the first woman in space and she got on stage with Michelle 00:03:29.800 --> 00:03:31.400 Nichols from Star Trek. 00:03:31.400 --> 00:03:36.000 The Original Series and said, I saw the shell Nichols is Lieutenant 00:03:36.000 --> 00:03:37.200 Uhura on the bridge of the Enterprise. 00:03:37.200 --> 00:03:41.300 And I thought I could be there in space. 00:03:41.300 --> 00:03:42.100 There, I am. 00:03:42.100 --> 00:03:42.900 I represent it. 00:03:45.600 --> 00:03:48.900 I met so many young people during the Michael Jackson study, 00:03:48.900 --> 00:03:53.500 who told me that they realized, they could become an Entertainer. 00:03:53.500 --> 00:03:55.700 After they saw the Jackson 5 on Ed Sullivan, 00:03:55.700 --> 00:03:58.300 I had fans that interview. 00:03:58.300 --> 00:04:01.700 Where is the business who were in Hollywood working and entertainment? 00:04:01.700 --> 00:04:05.100 Who said this is where I realized I could do that. 00:04:05.100 --> 00:04:09.100 I had these models of these five young men who are doing it very 00:04:09.100 --> 00:04:13.000 well and it was meaningful to me because they look like me. 00:04:14.500 --> 00:04:20.700 Listen to development and lessons in general. 00:04:20.700 --> 00:04:24.400 10 to number one become focused and intense about things and 00:04:24.400 --> 00:04:26.600 also did not always show the best judgment. 00:04:26.600 --> 00:04:29.200 The upside of that is that if they're developmentally 00:04:29.200 --> 00:04:33.600 not ready for a real relationship, there in a social relationships, 00:04:33.600 --> 00:04:42.300 have sex with them or whatever, there's no danger that if you're 00:04:42.300 --> 00:04:53.600 a teenager and you know that I have a crush on this person 00:04:53.600 --> 00:04:54.800 and it's not going to get complicated. 00:04:54.800 --> 00:05:04.900 I actually followed some Michael Jackson Bad Tour 1988 and I saw 00:05:04.900 --> 00:05:07.300 them again twenty years later and every one of these people 00:05:07.300 --> 00:05:10.500 have gone on to have a positive normal life and they were among 00:05:10.500 --> 00:05:11.300 the people that were 00:05:14.500 --> 00:05:18.900 Maybe they were following him around, maybe they were really, 00:05:18.900 --> 00:05:22.000 really into him but that it's for the temperature, 00:05:22.000 --> 00:05:27.900 warm feeling they had about, I haven't been a fan and what those 00:05:27.900 --> 00:05:31.800 experiences represented. So I do think that that, 00:05:31.800 --> 00:05:35.200 you know, there is the potential if kids get, 00:05:35.200 --> 00:05:36.300 you know, in over their heads. 00:05:36.300 --> 00:05:39.200 That's that's such a small percentage.