WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.500 You've probably heard of quantum Computing. 00:00:02.500 --> 00:00:03.800 But what exactly is it? 00:00:03.800 --> 00:00:05.600 And what problems does it solve? 00:00:05.600 --> 00:00:09.300 I'm here with Heather West, Senior research analyst at IDC as well 00:00:09.300 --> 00:00:11.300 as Sir, Dar UL, senior writer, 00:00:11.300 --> 00:00:15.000 at infoworld to discuss and to mystify Quantum Computing 00:00:15.000 --> 00:00:16.100 stick around. 00:00:21.800 --> 00:00:24.600 Hey, Bianca, next day and I'm Juliet Beauchamp. 00:00:24.600 --> 00:00:27.500 And like I said, I am here with Heather West as well as her 00:00:27.500 --> 00:00:28.000 dog you out. 00:00:28.000 --> 00:00:32.200 And we are going to really just dive into all things Quantum 00:00:32.200 --> 00:00:34.500 Computing today. So, Heather, I'll start with you. 00:00:34.500 --> 00:00:35.900 I mean, I know this is, you know, 00:00:35.900 --> 00:00:40.500 the Crux of our conversation, but what is quantum Computing 00:00:40.500 --> 00:00:46.600 me here at? 00:00:46.600 --> 00:00:47.300 This is very exciting. 00:00:47.300 --> 00:00:49.600 And yes, I love the topic. 00:00:49.600 --> 00:00:50.500 So here we go. 00:00:50.500 --> 00:00:55.500 So Quantum Computing is basically breaking out of classical 00:00:55.500 --> 00:01:00.000 compute the way we think about it today and using quantum 00:01:00.000 --> 00:01:04.300 mechanics and quantum physics for compute power. 00:01:04.300 --> 00:01:08.300 That's going to enable us to solve bigger larger problems 00:01:08.300 --> 00:01:10.100 than what we've ever been able to stop before. 00:01:10.100 --> 00:01:13.100 And it faster accelerated pace. 00:01:15.000 --> 00:01:19.400 And these problems are going to have a lot more variable, 00:01:19.400 --> 00:01:21.300 a lot more data coming into it. 00:01:21.300 --> 00:01:25.400 They're going to have more possible solution. 00:01:25.400 --> 00:01:28.100 So we want to find the most optim eye solution to the problems that 00:01:28.100 --> 00:01:28.900 we're kind of salt. 00:01:28.900 --> 00:01:32.400 And when we talked about the difference between classical 00:01:32.400 --> 00:01:35.800 Computing and Quantum Computing, the building blocks of both 00:01:35.800 --> 00:01:37.700 Technologies are really different to. 00:01:37.700 --> 00:01:40.200 So, for instance, with classical compute. 00:01:40.200 --> 00:01:44.000 We have a b 0 1 and yes, 00:01:44.000 --> 00:01:47.500 or no. Is essentially, when we talked about when do Computing, 00:01:47.500 --> 00:01:51.500 we are thinking about a cubit as our basic building block in. 00:01:51.500 --> 00:01:55.000 So, what's a cubit, a cubit differs from a b in that is able 00:01:55.000 --> 00:01:58.200 to hold the values of 1 + 0, 00:01:58.200 --> 00:02:01.100 and anything in-between and okay. 00:02:01.100 --> 00:02:03.000 So if you think about the way your brain processes, 00:02:03.000 --> 00:02:07.100 your brain has all Taste of functioning and neural processes 00:02:07.100 --> 00:02:09.400 that allow it to function and you're able to come up with all 00:02:09.400 --> 00:02:11.300 these possibilities. So that's essentially what we're doing 00:02:11.300 --> 00:02:14.200 with a quantum computer when we, when we look at the differences 00:02:14.200 --> 00:02:14.400 between 00:02:15.700 --> 00:02:17.200 Wow, how does it? How 00:02:17.200 --> 00:02:18.400 does that sound to you sooner. 00:02:18.400 --> 00:02:22.100 And he thought it sounds pretty intimidating. 00:02:22.100 --> 00:02:29.800 Enterprise in the audience are going to be interested 00:02:29.800 --> 00:02:35.400 in what you're describing is something that sounds completely 00:02:35.400 --> 00:02:42.700 different. So it sounds like in order to make a quantum computer. 00:02:42.700 --> 00:02:44.800 We have to go about it, a totally different way. 00:02:44.800 --> 00:02:47.600 Then we would when we make a classical Computing device, 00:02:47.600 --> 00:02:51.100 and that brings with it, its own complications and its own difficulties. 00:02:51.100 --> 00:02:54.400 Yes, that's exactly true. 00:02:54.400 --> 00:03:01.000 But it opens up the door to a whole new group of startups 00:03:01.000 --> 00:03:03.300 that are able to compete against big Tech giants, 00:03:03.300 --> 00:03:06.400 like, IBM and Google, which I we do have big text giant IBM. 00:03:06.400 --> 00:03:10.400 Google. They are developing their own Quantum, 00:03:10.400 --> 00:03:12.200 Computing. Machine. 00:03:15.700 --> 00:03:18.700 Fabrication of the machine, the quantum mechanics behind the 00:03:18.700 --> 00:03:22.800 machine. It opens up a brand new Computing Market, 00:03:22.800 --> 00:03:28.900 to startup businesses start of computing, vendors, 00:03:28.900 --> 00:03:31.200 Hardware vendors, as well as software vendors, 00:03:31.200 --> 00:03:34.900 because if you have a, a quantum computer that that's wonderful, 00:03:34.900 --> 00:03:37.300 but if you don't have the software to be able to run the computer, 00:03:37.300 --> 00:03:39.700 to write the algorithms on the computer to run the use cases, 00:03:39.700 --> 00:03:44.300 then you just have a machine but it does offer some kind of some 00:03:44.300 --> 00:03:46.600 complexity because Cupid's are very unstable. 00:03:46.600 --> 00:03:49.900 And they if you think about a cubit, 00:03:49.900 --> 00:03:51.500 I think about like if you go into the office, 00:03:51.500 --> 00:03:53.300 if you were there by yourself, you can work. 00:03:53.300 --> 00:03:56.400 You can be really productive while you're in there. 00:03:56.400 --> 00:03:58.100 But the minute your office mate comes in, 00:03:58.100 --> 00:04:00.600 you want to chit chat, you, you slow down your productivity. 00:04:00.600 --> 00:04:01.400 So think about that. 00:04:01.400 --> 00:04:03.800 And it has a cubit like the cupid. 00:04:03.800 --> 00:04:07.100 We need to have them work together and become entangled 00:04:07.100 --> 00:04:12.500 in order to process the information and then be able to generate 00:04:12.500 --> 00:04:14.100 the the results that we want. 00:04:14.100 --> 00:04:15.300 But the problem is, is that 00:04:15.800 --> 00:04:16.800 They're so. 00:04:20.200 --> 00:04:22.600 They like a volatile. 00:04:22.600 --> 00:04:32.400 They can get, is that a difficult to work with it? 00:04:32.400 --> 00:04:35.500 Because they've a very short shelf-life as it were exactly 00:04:35.500 --> 00:04:37.200 in in order to work with them. 00:04:37.200 --> 00:04:38.900 You need to run the machine. 00:04:38.900 --> 00:04:44.800 Very low, like 0° K, and even below that degrees it. 00:04:44.800 --> 00:04:48.800 So you knew a cryogenic or delusion refrigerator in order to be able 00:04:48.800 --> 00:04:52.600 to stabilize the cube is long enough to process the quantum 00:04:52.600 --> 00:04:55.300 computation and get them read the results back. 00:04:55.300 --> 00:04:58.800 And right now, that's kind of where we're at with Quantum 00:04:58.800 --> 00:05:01.500 development, is how do you stabilize disk u b, 00:05:01.500 --> 00:05:06.600 how do you reduce the the error rates so that you can use the 00:05:06.600 --> 00:05:09.500 key long enough in order to get the results and stuff. 00:05:09.500 --> 00:05:14.500 So yeah, so it's a very complex and as you can imagine the skill 00:05:14.500 --> 00:05:19.100 set that goes along with having to maintain the infrastructure 00:05:19.100 --> 00:05:19.900 as well. 00:05:20.200 --> 00:05:22.000 Has to be able to program. 00:05:22.000 --> 00:05:25.000 A quantum computer are very different than what classical 00:05:25.000 --> 00:05:29.300 Computing Hardware. Bring it along with it as well. 00:05:29.300 --> 00:05:33.900 I do before we get super liked to forward-facing which is obviously 00:05:33.900 --> 00:05:35.100 going to be important. 00:05:35.100 --> 00:05:38.800 I do want to go a little bit backwards and I was wondering, 00:05:38.800 --> 00:05:41.100 you know, what Heather Sardar, maybe a combination of the two 00:05:41.100 --> 00:05:45.100 of you. It can you explain sort of how we got here like to 00:05:45.100 --> 00:05:47.800 the current Quantum Computing landscape and then we can you do 00:05:47.800 --> 00:05:49.300 look forward into what it is. 00:05:49.300 --> 00:05:56.600 Skilled at cetera show or so, and more Enterprises are looking 00:05:56.600 --> 00:06:00.700 to adopt and start experimenting with Quantum Computing. 00:06:00.700 --> 00:06:05.500 The quantum Computing development is actually in its fourth 00:06:05.500 --> 00:06:11.100 decade. So Richard find steel in the 1980s proposed that in order 00:06:11.100 --> 00:06:11.300 to 00:06:13.300 --> 00:06:16.600 In order to mimic in a natural environment, 00:06:16.600 --> 00:06:19.100 you needed a machine that was able to, 00:06:19.100 --> 00:06:23.300 that was part of the quantum, part of a natural environment. 00:06:23.300 --> 00:06:30.400 And so he challenged developers and researchers to start figuring 00:06:30.400 --> 00:06:32.700 out, how can you build a Quantum system and sense? 00:06:32.700 --> 00:06:34.800 Then really in the labs. 00:06:34.800 --> 00:06:37.100 It's been this kind of scientific development. 00:06:37.100 --> 00:06:39.100 Like what what is a cubit? 00:06:39.100 --> 00:06:41.600 How do we develop a, what is superpositioning? 00:06:41.600 --> 00:06:42.900 What is entanglement in? 00:06:42.900 --> 00:06:50.000 So it really started back in the 1980s and it's really the reason 00:06:50.000 --> 00:06:54.200 for it is that there were these huge problems that just could 00:06:54.200 --> 00:06:57.400 not be solved with the computer power and over the course 00:06:57.400 --> 00:07:01.300 of time. The even though we're have accelerated as we have, 00:07:01.300 --> 00:07:04.100 you know, all these all these other types of classical 00:07:04.100 --> 00:07:05.800 computers, trying to increase the speed. 00:07:05.800 --> 00:07:07.600 There's only so much. 00:07:07.600 --> 00:07:09.100 You can only go so fast. 00:07:09.100 --> 00:07:10.200 I think we're running out of 00:07:13.300 --> 00:07:16.800 I mean, like there's a parallel to be drawn between the way Quantum 00:07:16.800 --> 00:07:18.000 Computing is now the state of it. 00:07:18.000 --> 00:07:22.100 It's in now and the state that conventional Computing was right 00:07:22.100 --> 00:07:26.300 after World War II where we had systems that were based on very 00:07:26.300 --> 00:07:30.400 primitive technology and that had very limited process. 00:07:30.400 --> 00:07:36.400 And we're built on also very dependable and all that. 00:07:36.400 --> 00:07:38.000 They were, they were fragile because they weren't, 00:07:38.000 --> 00:07:41.000 they were such a construction and principles weren't necessarily 00:07:41.000 --> 00:07:43.000 fully understood. But at the time they were, 00:07:43.000 --> 00:07:46.900 they took constituted an enormous breakthrough and they pointed the 00:07:46.900 --> 00:07:49.700 way towards what could be accomplished when we could scale 00:07:49.700 --> 00:07:50.800 of Nathan's more dependable. 00:07:50.800 --> 00:07:52.000 So is that an accurate comparison? 00:07:52.000 --> 00:08:00.300 The difference between Quantum is that now we have the cloud 00:08:00.300 --> 00:08:04.900 and so dark back when they were in the 1940s or rate after 00:08:04.900 --> 00:08:09.300 World War II, it was dependent upon the Specialties that were 00:08:09.300 --> 00:08:12.400 inside the lab, but with Quantum Computing is actually opened 00:08:12.400 --> 00:08:13.000 up the door. 00:08:13.300 --> 00:08:19.200 To an ecosystem that isn't just dependent on Quantum Hardware 00:08:19.200 --> 00:08:21.600 vendors, and they are specialists in the software vendors 00:08:21.600 --> 00:08:22.500 and their specialist. 00:08:22.500 --> 00:08:26.600 But there's is open-source platforms and that have become 00:08:26.600 --> 00:08:28.400 accessible to the general population. 00:08:28.400 --> 00:08:33.900 So, you and I could log in and go to either vendors clouds, 00:08:33.900 --> 00:08:36.000 Quantum Cloud site, we could log in, 00:08:36.000 --> 00:08:37.200 we could test it out. 00:08:37.200 --> 00:08:38.000 We can play with it. 00:08:38.000 --> 00:08:40.500 Now, we wouldn't have access to the most advanced systems, 00:08:40.500 --> 00:08:42.900 but we would still have access to the software development 00:08:42.900 --> 00:08:48.400 kids. We would still have access to some of the quantum systems 00:08:48.400 --> 00:08:52.600 are the quantum simulators, or there's what they call Quantum 00:08:52.600 --> 00:08:55.000 inspired. Technology. So Quantum inhalers. 00:08:55.000 --> 00:08:57.600 And so, basically what a Quantum Inspire technology is, 00:08:57.600 --> 00:09:03.600 is it's a Quantum Computing system that uses the powers of the 00:09:03.600 --> 00:09:06.700 Cubit but they aren't dependent on the cube. 00:09:06.700 --> 00:09:09.000 It's interacting. And as a result of that, 00:09:09.000 --> 00:09:13.100 that the need for them, not interact in. 00:09:13.300 --> 00:09:16.200 What they're doing is our measuring the energy wave within 00:09:16.200 --> 00:09:18.700 the cupid and as, as a result of that, 00:09:18.700 --> 00:09:22.500 you don't have the the D coherence or the interruption 00:09:22.500 --> 00:09:25.100 that you would have in the end as a result. 00:09:25.100 --> 00:09:27.400 If you don't need to scale the cubits as much to be able to 00:09:27.400 --> 00:09:32.100 solve optimization problem, which is probably the most popular 00:09:32.100 --> 00:09:34.600 problem right now, to self using Quantum Computing, 00:09:34.600 --> 00:09:35.900 or continents by their machines. 00:09:35.900 --> 00:09:41.900 But but yeah, so we have these Cloud options and a lot of Hardware 00:09:41.900 --> 00:09:44.700 vendors, a lot of the software vendors from Quantum. 00:09:44.700 --> 00:09:45.800 They identify that. 00:09:45.800 --> 00:09:48.800 There are a lot of developers out there that maybe he didn't 00:09:48.800 --> 00:09:52.300 get to go to college and where on computer science, 00:09:52.300 --> 00:09:54.600 maybe there's been someone was playing around and says, 00:09:54.600 --> 00:09:57.300 opening up. This brand new world is brand new ecosystem 00:09:57.300 --> 00:10:01.900 of developers and it's really a lot different and it's actually 00:10:01.900 --> 00:10:06.600 speeding up the development of quantum systems as opposed 00:10:06.600 --> 00:10:09.800 to the classical system that took a long. 00:10:09.800 --> 00:10:10.800 Of time to get that really are. 00:10:10.800 --> 00:10:11.700 So yeah. 00:10:13.300 --> 00:10:17.200 The next big question that I had, 00:10:17.200 --> 00:10:20.100 which is what problems does it solve and what problems does 00:10:20.100 --> 00:10:20.900 it? Not solvo? 00:10:20.900 --> 00:10:23.700 What are the specific things that we are trying to do with Quantum 00:10:23.700 --> 00:10:27.400 Computing that we're not possible scale before or were only 00:10:27.400 --> 00:10:28.700 possible at prohibitive scale. 00:10:30.500 --> 00:10:34.900 So to be honest you and I probably will not have a quantum 00:10:34.900 --> 00:10:42.900 computer at our desk, the average problem that we saw last person 00:10:42.900 --> 00:10:45.300 probably won't have a need for quantum computers quantum 00:10:45.300 --> 00:10:50.200 computer. The problems that we're trying to solve our enormous 00:10:50.200 --> 00:10:56.000 problems. That just couldn't be solved before and I mention 00:10:56.000 --> 00:10:59.100 climate change before, but other examples are personalized 00:10:59.100 --> 00:11:03.700 medicine. So being able to take a different chemical compounds 00:11:03.700 --> 00:11:08.500 in and use information from each individual person to make a of 00:11:08.500 --> 00:11:11.500 a personalized medicine and get her personalized drug. 00:11:11.500 --> 00:11:13.700 That's not something that we can do today is just way too much 00:11:13.700 --> 00:11:16.600 information to simplify our tune on to simplified. 00:11:16.600 --> 00:11:20.500 I'm sorry to be able to do at this point in time. 00:11:20.500 --> 00:11:21.600 It can also. 00:11:21.600 --> 00:11:26.200 Right now, it's more optimization problems that are being solved, just 00:11:26.200 --> 00:11:29.900 because of the scalability issue and where we are at with 00:11:29.900 --> 00:11:33.900 the defense. But as a technology gets as, 00:11:33.900 --> 00:11:37.000 we're able to scale the cubits in in his have more computers. 00:11:37.000 --> 00:11:41.300 He was within the system, decrease Ade coherence raids and increase 00:11:41.300 --> 00:11:46.300 the volume. The complexity of the problem that can be solved, 00:11:46.300 --> 00:11:48.900 are going to be are going to increase. 00:11:48.900 --> 00:11:54.200 So for example, we just went through a pandemic, 00:11:54.200 --> 00:11:58.200 I want to say went through so, 00:11:58.200 --> 00:12:02.100 but with a quantum computer, a lot of the information 00:12:02.100 --> 00:12:03.800 that were is coming World. 00:12:03.800 --> 00:12:07.800 Why we could pull in, where are the newest variance coming 00:12:07.800 --> 00:12:10.900 from? What are the the some of the 00:12:12.800 --> 00:12:14.400 New strains are versing. 00:12:14.400 --> 00:12:16.300 What populations are being more affected. 00:12:16.300 --> 00:12:17.200 What's the mortality? 00:12:17.200 --> 00:12:20.300 They call these different variables could come in and these 00:12:20.300 --> 00:12:24.500 huge data. This huge amount of data could be told in process 00:12:24.500 --> 00:12:25.700 and lies with a quantum computer. 00:12:25.700 --> 00:12:29.500 And as a result, we might be able to forecast that disease 00:12:29.500 --> 00:12:32.000 and how it's going to change and start doing the voice of that. 00:12:32.000 --> 00:12:34.000 Something that currently week we can't do, 00:12:34.000 --> 00:12:38.300 but there's it's going to be there's going to be problems 00:12:38.300 --> 00:12:40.200 that come from every industry. 00:12:40.200 --> 00:12:45.200 And in right now, we're seeing a big push with HBC Center 00:12:45.200 --> 00:12:47.900 the adopting it because it's able to accelerate their computer 00:12:47.900 --> 00:12:50.800 power, but it's always going to be a hybrid. 00:12:50.800 --> 00:12:53.500 Like, we're always going to see problems being solved with a hybrid 00:12:53.500 --> 00:12:57.200 approach, using some classical and some Quantum of some degree 00:12:57.200 --> 00:13:00.200 because obviously we need to get it to the cloud promise 00:13:00.200 --> 00:13:03.200 in the cloud in the content cloud and then bring it back against 00:13:03.200 --> 00:13:06.300 and they're going to Quantum club for the quantum system accessible 00:13:06.300 --> 00:13:08.000 violin 50K. 00:13:08.800 --> 00:13:09.800 I think I do that. 00:13:09.800 --> 00:13:11.000 That also went. 00:13:11.000 --> 00:13:13.100 I'm sorry. Go ahead. 00:13:13.100 --> 00:13:15.000 I think we might be about to say the same thing, 00:13:15.000 --> 00:13:23.600 maybe not. But there's maybe like a a misconception 00:13:23.600 --> 00:13:27.400 of like this Quantum Supremacy and my Quantum Advantage. 00:13:27.400 --> 00:13:29.700 So I was hoping that we could like demystify some of those 00:13:29.700 --> 00:13:30.800 terms. Is that what you're going to say? 00:13:30.800 --> 00:13:31.900 So are we going to say something else? 00:13:31.900 --> 00:13:35.700 That's not a bad question to start with o. 00:13:38.700 --> 00:13:40.700 Quantum Supremacy in Quantum. 00:13:40.700 --> 00:13:42.500 What it means in my car. 00:13:42.500 --> 00:13:46.200 They sort of like hyped marketing terms or is this like an actual? 00:13:46.200 --> 00:13:48.600 Like, I don't know, I guess industry to her. 00:13:48.600 --> 00:13:54.200 So Quantum Supremacy is the ability to use a Quantum system 00:13:54.200 --> 00:13:56.900 to solve a problem that we've never been able salt before 00:13:56.900 --> 00:14:00.200 or solve it faster. 00:14:00.200 --> 00:14:05.700 Faster than we've ever been done before in in in 2019. 00:14:05.700 --> 00:14:09.300 Google have made an announcement that they had solved. The 00:14:09.300 --> 00:14:12.000 problem is they've achieved, pumpkin Supremacy, 00:14:12.000 --> 00:14:16.700 but later on IBM responded saying that they had their supercomputer 00:14:16.700 --> 00:14:19.400 was able to actually saw it once you turned on the right parameters 00:14:19.400 --> 00:14:20.100 of the computer. 00:14:20.100 --> 00:14:23.100 So it was not necessary to use a quantum computer for that. 00:14:23.100 --> 00:14:28.200 Exactly. And more recently group, in China had announced 00:14:28.200 --> 00:14:31.400 that they had solved when they headed to Quantum Supremacy, 00:14:31.400 --> 00:14:34.700 but the problem is that they're solving are not problems 00:14:34.700 --> 00:14:38.500 that would necessarily be of value to Nephi. 00:14:38.600 --> 00:14:43.400 Random ization, number randomizer, randomize a random number 00:14:43.400 --> 00:14:45.400 generator in there. 00:14:45.400 --> 00:14:51.400 That's great. But we're, what does assault? 00:14:51.400 --> 00:14:53.000 What value does a tad in it? 00:14:53.000 --> 00:14:56.700 So we kind of moved away from the term quantum Supremacy, 00:14:56.700 --> 00:15:01.400 and moved into Quantum advantage and what is quantum advantage. 00:15:01.400 --> 00:15:04.100 And basically Pawn Advantage is being able to use the quantum 00:15:04.100 --> 00:15:09.500 system to solve a problem or accelerate a process. 00:15:09.500 --> 00:15:13.100 So that you get a business value of scientific value, 00:15:13.100 --> 00:15:16.000 some sort of value to humanity has actually using the system 00:15:16.000 --> 00:15:19.100 to do something, a chief, some sort of value. 00:15:19.100 --> 00:15:19.400 Okay? 00:15:20.400 --> 00:15:22.300 Then we'll be going to say sooner. 00:15:22.300 --> 00:15:27.000 I guess. One good way to ask this question would be when we talked 00:15:27.000 --> 00:15:31.100 about the problems that are done exclusively or or chiefly, 00:15:31.100 --> 00:15:33.200 in the cloud with conventional Computing. 00:15:33.200 --> 00:15:36.700 And then we talked about the subdomain of problems that is solved 00:15:36.700 --> 00:15:40.500 or or accelerated with Quantum Computing. 00:15:40.500 --> 00:15:42.300 What's the big distinction is it? 00:15:42.300 --> 00:15:45.900 Because the things that we do in the quantum domain are things 00:15:45.900 --> 00:15:49.100 at a dinner that I have so many combinations of possibilities 00:15:49.100 --> 00:15:53.200 that, that, that conventional Computing would simply be too slow 00:15:53.200 --> 00:15:53.900 by orders of magnitude. 00:15:53.900 --> 00:15:56.500 That seems to be the chief difference in my right. 00:15:56.500 --> 00:15:57.800 I would agree with you. 00:15:57.800 --> 00:16:03.500 I would rather you in, in the the use of a classical hybrid 00:16:03.500 --> 00:16:06.200 approach allows. 00:16:07.300 --> 00:16:10.200 For Enterprises to kind of. 00:16:11.300 --> 00:16:15.000 Optimize their cost as well when they're using Quantum cuz obviously 00:16:15.000 --> 00:16:17.600 working in the cloud working on Quantum systems are the costs 00:16:17.600 --> 00:16:22.400 associated with using those systems in running those executing 00:16:22.400 --> 00:16:25.800 those Quantum workflows in the cloud. 00:16:25.800 --> 00:16:29.300 And so by like you said there, 00:16:29.300 --> 00:16:29.800 there's 00:16:33.200 --> 00:16:35.600 Exaggerated amount of of. 00:16:38.600 --> 00:16:40.400 The answers are responses. 00:16:40.400 --> 00:16:41.400 Are you you're looking for? 00:16:41.400 --> 00:16:46.900 But then what ends up happening is that you also have portions of 00:16:46.900 --> 00:16:50.300 those problems that they, they could easily run and they 00:16:50.300 --> 00:16:50.900 can run in parallel. 00:16:50.900 --> 00:16:54.100 And so you don't necessarily need to send everything to the cloud. 00:16:54.100 --> 00:16:56.300 So you can optimize both the prop. 00:16:56.300 --> 00:16:58.600 Get that most populous answer for the problem. 00:16:58.600 --> 00:17:00.900 You're trying to solve for those large number of variables 00:17:00.900 --> 00:17:03.300 are the largest number of outcomes and solutions are what have 00:17:03.300 --> 00:17:07.300 you. But then for the parts of the problem that you don't necessarily 00:17:07.300 --> 00:17:11.100 need, you can keep those running classical and you can optimize 00:17:11.100 --> 00:17:14.000 the cost that your ear using to solve that far. 00:17:14.000 --> 00:17:15.600 You're waiting to solve that problem. 00:17:15.600 --> 00:17:19.700 And in addition, if you actually speed of getting to the solution 00:17:19.700 --> 00:17:22.400 because you don't you're sending it to two different systems 00:17:22.400 --> 00:17:23.600 at that point of time, so 00:17:25.600 --> 00:17:28.600 The term that I was about to use those on the tip of my tongue 00:17:28.600 --> 00:17:30.800 with Top Ramen, that's the number of parameters 00:17:30.800 --> 00:17:38.100 for when you were performing this case too. 00:17:38.100 --> 00:17:44.800 So I guess my final question, I think on this like specific 00:17:44.800 --> 00:17:46.600 scheme of quantum Computing. 00:17:46.600 --> 00:17:49.600 As you know, how how do you access it where I can use or 00:17:49.600 --> 00:17:51.000 do any business users? 00:17:51.000 --> 00:18:04.300 Certainly isn't. So as we've talked about. 00:18:04.300 --> 00:18:08.600 It's obviously the the majority of is going to be consumed 00:18:08.600 --> 00:18:11.300 through provision services are cloud services, right? 00:18:11.300 --> 00:18:15.600 And we have kind of a few different options right now as to how 00:18:15.600 --> 00:18:17.200 you can get to those Services. 00:18:17.200 --> 00:18:21.700 First Enterprises can work with Quantum Hardware vendors 00:18:21.700 --> 00:18:25.400 who have their own Quantum solutions for premium price. 00:18:25.600 --> 00:18:29.600 Which you in any such Ventures different depending on how their 00:18:29.600 --> 00:18:33.700 pricing at or what have you and that you partner identify 00:18:33.700 --> 00:18:37.400 as a partner with a vendor and then the vendor would give you 00:18:37.400 --> 00:18:41.600 access to their Consulting, their pain, specialist their Quantum 00:18:41.600 --> 00:18:46.100 machines to help build Quantum, algorithms, Quantum programs 00:18:46.100 --> 00:18:50.000 and help it really helped guide the the organization's 00:18:50.000 --> 00:18:53.600 Quantum initiative, on some Enterprises, in organizations, or 00:18:53.600 --> 00:18:55.500 further ahead than others. 00:18:55.500 --> 00:18:57.400 And so, it really depends on where you're comfortable. 00:18:57.400 --> 00:19:03.400 And in when you partner with a lot of Hardware vendor, 00:19:03.400 --> 00:19:07.200 you have access to those machines from that specific vendor 00:19:07.200 --> 00:19:09.000 in addition. 00:19:10.000 --> 00:19:15.200 Certain cloud service providers such as Microsoft Azure Quantum 00:19:15.200 --> 00:19:17.200 and Amazon brackets. 00:19:17.200 --> 00:19:22.700 They provide Quant Quantum Computing as a service solutions 00:19:22.700 --> 00:19:26.900 as well. But the difference between the cloud service providers 00:19:26.900 --> 00:19:30.600 as in comparison to the quantum Harbor Avengers is that the cloud 00:19:30.600 --> 00:19:35.600 service providers have partnered with multiple Quantum Hardware 00:19:35.600 --> 00:19:39.000 vendors? And so, when you access the quantum systems through 00:19:39.000 --> 00:19:42.800 their platform, you're able to get access to multiple vendors 00:19:42.800 --> 00:19:47.700 and as a result quanta, not only do you get access to multiple 00:19:47.700 --> 00:19:50.200 vendors, but most of all types of quantum machine. 00:19:50.200 --> 00:19:52.400 So when I say that, there's a cubit, 00:19:52.400 --> 00:19:55.400 Cubit, cyst out of cubed, like, a b kind of just a bit, 00:19:55.400 --> 00:19:56.900 but a cube is not just a cubits. 00:19:56.900 --> 00:20:00.400 There's different. The quantum mechanics behind different 00:20:00.400 --> 00:20:01.900 types of cute as there's a topological, 00:20:01.900 --> 00:20:03.800 cubit, in the spin, keep it in check. 00:20:03.800 --> 00:20:05.800 Ian and basically is how do we? 00:20:05.800 --> 00:20:09.800 What? What is the cubed material? 00:20:10.000 --> 00:20:12.200 That do you think it is an atom obviously, 00:20:12.200 --> 00:20:14.500 but is it a superconducting Adam? 00:20:14.500 --> 00:20:19.100 Is it, you know, so I'm a photon and how do you isolate that 00:20:19.100 --> 00:20:23.600 that Cuba to be able to read the quantum computation 00:20:23.600 --> 00:20:24.500 off from it? 00:20:24.500 --> 00:20:27.500 And they all they are very but there's in there. 00:20:27.500 --> 00:20:30.900 Several different types are under development in stove by accessing 00:20:30.900 --> 00:20:34.200 through a cloud service provider you have access to all the well 00:20:34.200 --> 00:20:35.300 not all of them, but, you know, 00:20:35.300 --> 00:20:38.400 variety of different types as well as the software development 00:20:38.400 --> 00:20:42.400 kits for me to those vendors and then they're priced basically 00:20:42.400 --> 00:20:44.200 / run s. 00:20:44.200 --> 00:20:47.500 So that's kind of how we how we exit right now. 00:20:47.500 --> 00:20:48.200 So, all right. 00:20:49.600 --> 00:20:52.000 There seems to be a parallel between the way, 00:20:52.000 --> 00:20:55.800 the different providers offer Quantum Services and the way they 00:20:55.800 --> 00:20:58.500 offer other things in the cloud generally feel like if you go 00:20:58.500 --> 00:20:59.700 to Amazon vs. 00:20:59.700 --> 00:21:03.600 Azure vs. Google, each one of them has distinct for instance 00:21:03.600 --> 00:21:07.800 in cloud-native, database services, and they're all offered 00:21:07.800 --> 00:21:11.800 to Consumers with specific features that are exclusive 00:21:11.800 --> 00:21:12.800 to that cloud. 00:21:12.800 --> 00:21:14.900 Do you see something similar happening with with Quantum 00:21:14.900 --> 00:21:17.200 Computing? That each one of these will have some differentiating 00:21:17.200 --> 00:21:18.900 factors other than just a tool kits. 00:21:20.800 --> 00:21:26.800 Yes, so when we when we talked about the problems that are going 00:21:26.800 --> 00:21:27.600 to be solved. 00:21:27.600 --> 00:21:31.300 Now. Obviously the question is when are we going to be able 00:21:31.300 --> 00:21:35.300 to achieve Quantum advantage and what what system will make 00:21:35.300 --> 00:21:38.400 it there? And so will you when we one of the most popular 00:21:38.400 --> 00:21:41.800 questions that we get is, which system is going to make it there 00:21:41.800 --> 00:21:43.300 first and and 00:21:44.900 --> 00:21:46.500 IDC our team. 00:21:46.500 --> 00:21:50.700 We don't believe that is necessarily a race to achieve Quantum 00:21:50.700 --> 00:21:53.200 Advantage. We think that over the course of time, 00:21:53.200 --> 00:21:57.400 the machines are going to continue to advance and I should 00:21:57.400 --> 00:21:59.600 get more advanced machines will be able to solve more advanced 00:21:59.600 --> 00:22:04.000 problems. And and I think that's going to be the differentiator 00:22:04.000 --> 00:22:04.900 between each one. 00:22:04.900 --> 00:22:06.700 If you're looking to solve for instance, 00:22:06.700 --> 00:22:11.800 right now. A lot of HPC centers are looking to adopt Quantum 00:22:11.800 --> 00:22:15.700 Computing, applications Pacific type machines, which essentially 00:22:15.700 --> 00:22:21.100 is the hardware that's built, built at the same simultaneously 00:22:21.100 --> 00:22:24.100 with a pond of algorithms so that they can solve specific 00:22:24.100 --> 00:22:28.200 problems, but it's not going to be a general computer General 00:22:28.200 --> 00:22:30.000 called the computer where he can use it to solve one problem 00:22:30.000 --> 00:22:33.500 this month. And next month to be able to repurpose it, 00:22:33.500 --> 00:22:39.000 to use it to solve a different types of processing unit. 00:22:39.600 --> 00:22:52.500 For instance, a very specific specific problems exploit, 00:22:52.500 --> 00:22:55.900 the quantum computing power that we have currently for the current 00:22:55.900 --> 00:23:00.100 HP assist in their HPC problems that they're looking to solve 00:23:00.100 --> 00:23:00.700 at this point in time. 00:23:00.700 --> 00:23:03.800 So I really think the different trailer isn't necessarily 00:23:03.800 --> 00:23:07.000 going to be the software at the SDK is, 00:23:07.000 --> 00:23:09.000 but it's really going to be what 00:23:10.000 --> 00:23:11.600 What specific problems will? 00:23:11.600 --> 00:23:15.200 This machine allow me to solve an f and I don't know that we 00:23:15.200 --> 00:23:16.500 we really know that answer. 00:23:16.500 --> 00:23:19.800 I don't know that the vendors they have some idea but it's really 00:23:19.800 --> 00:23:22.900 going to be interesting to see how the next few years shake 00:23:22.900 --> 00:23:25.200 out cuz a lot of the 00:23:26.900 --> 00:23:29.200 Some of the quantum vendors at this point in time has started 00:23:29.200 --> 00:23:30.800 to reasor road maps to give. 00:23:30.800 --> 00:23:35.100 Okay, Enterprises some motivation and some visibility 00:23:35.100 --> 00:23:39.800 as to when they can expect to see machines with at least a thousand 00:23:39.800 --> 00:23:42.200 cubits and they can actually use them to start selling some 00:23:42.200 --> 00:23:43.400 of these problems. 00:23:43.400 --> 00:23:45.400 Yeah. I think that was a fantastic. 00:23:45.400 --> 00:23:48.900 Sort of wrap up right there, and I think we can leave it there 00:23:48.900 --> 00:23:52.900 because, you know, we're also going to be discussing in in an 00:23:52.900 --> 00:23:55.800 upcoming video about you were going to drive a little bit deeper. 00:23:55.800 --> 00:23:57.300 A little bit deeper into some of the use cases, 00:23:57.300 --> 00:24:01.500 you know, why invest now, so, I think this is a good place 00:24:01.500 --> 00:24:05.200 to leave both so much and thank you all so much for watching 00:24:05.200 --> 00:24:06.500 this episode for today, in Tech. 00:24:06.500 --> 00:24:08.800 If you like this video, you can give this video a thumbs up, 00:24:08.800 --> 00:24:10.900 so you can also subscribe to our YouTube channel. 00:24:10.900 --> 00:24:13.200 Idg techtalk hit the Bell icon certified. 00:24:13.200 --> 00:24:13.800 Every single time. 00:24:13.800 --> 00:24:14.700 We post a new video. 00:24:14.700 --> 00:24:17.800 I know, this is a super complex topic. 00:24:17.800 --> 00:24:19.400 See if any questions comments. 00:24:19.400 --> 00:24:20.800 Just thoughts in general. 00:24:20.800 --> 00:24:21.800 That you want to leave in the comments below. 00:24:21.800 --> 00:24:24.300 Please do and I will do my best to get back to you. 00:24:24.300 --> 00:24:26.600 Thanks again for watching and we'll see you next.